Project Management (項目管理) （二）

Project Management and Strategy（項目管理及戰略）

According to Grundy and Brown, there are three links between strategy and project management:

·Most projects are taken on as a result of some strategic planning process;

·Some projects arise on a bottom-up basis; and

·Strategic thinking is required for the individual project.

Furthermore, Grundy and Brown suggest three reasons for taking a project management view of strategic management. The business environment changes quickly and organisations cannot afford to do things the same way year after year.

Project Life Cycle（項目周期）

1. Initiation Phase

The project initiation phase often is also called the "definition phase". It is the first phase in the project life cycle, as it involves starting up a new project. It involves pre-initiating tasks as well as initiation tasks.

1.1 Pre-initiating Tasks

Determine the time, scope and cost constraints;

Identify the project sponsor;

Select the project manager;

Meet with the project manager to discuss the process and expectations for managing the project;

Determine whether the project should be divided into smaller sub-projects.

1.2 Initiation Tasks

Identification of project stakeholders and their characteristics

Prepare a business case to provide justification for investing in a project.

Create a project charter (project initiation document) to let the rest know.

Hold a kick-off meeting to give stakeholders the opportunity to meet each other, review the goals of a project and discuss future plans. This meeting is often held after the business case and the PID are completed, but it could be held sooner, as needed.

Develop a scope statement to confirm a common understanding of the project scope. It describes in detail the work to be accomplished on the project and is important for preventing scope creep (the tendency for project scope to continually increase).